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题目材料：
French painter Édouard Manet' s 1863 painting Le Bain sparked controversy in part for its depiction of figures in contemporary dress. Though as long ago as 1824 the novelist Stendhal had urged artists to depict "the men of today and not those who probably never existed," serious paintings of modern-day Parisians were still relatively rare; the foremost painter of Manet' s era, Ernest Meissonier, was celebrated for his idyllic scenes of the past. Manet' s teacher Thomas Couture had achieved renown for his historical tableau of Roman times, The Romans of the Decadence, and he required his students to copy the works of old masters. However, he also urged his students to take as the subjects of their own paintings contemporary sights such as workmen, public holidays, and examples of modern technology. Manet may have seemed an unlikely convert to the cause, with the inspiration for his early paintings coming mostly from old masters he had sketched in the Louvre and the Uffizi. Still, Manet had begun paying heed to the advice of his teacher with canvases such as The Absinthe Drinker (1858) and The Old Musician (1862). He continued this trend in Le Bain, even if he appropriated his figures' poses directly from a 1518 Raphael drawing.
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